INSTALL(1) INSTALL(1) NAME install - install files in directories SYNOPSIS /sbin/install options file ... BSD/GNU SYNOPSIS /sbin/install options file ... directory /sbin/install options file1 file2 /sbin/install options -d directories ... DESCRIPTION Install copies regular files generated in a source tree into a target directory. It can also create directories, links and special files in a target directory. The target directory's pathname will be prefixed by the value of the ROOT environment variable. Install is most commonly invoked from makefiles (see make(1)). If the RAWIDB environment variable is set, install creates no files in target directories; instead, it appends records describing the files that it would have created to the installation database (IDB) named by $RAWIDB. When generating an IDB, either install must be invoked under a directory named src, or the SRC environment variable must be set and must name an ancestor of the current working directory. Install's options specify how to install, what type of file to create, and where to install in the target tree. Options are collected from the INSTOPTS environment variable, then from the command line. If incompatible options are specified in INSTOPTS and the command line, the command line options take precedence. Note that single-letter options cannot be concatenated after a hyphen. BSD/GNU compatibility (where the target file or directory is the last argument) is supported in case none of the mandatory arguments (-f, -F, or -dir) is provided. In this case the -s option means strip. The options are: -m mode Set the mode of created files to mode, interpreted as an octal number. The default mode for regular files and directories is 755. The default mode for devices and named pipes is 666. This option is ignored if given with -ln or -lns. -u owner Set the owner of created files to owner, which is interpreted first as a user name, then as a numeric user ID if it fails to match known user names. If the superuser invokes install, the default owner is root. Otherwise the default owner is the effective user ID of the invoker. This option is ignored if given with -ln. If $RAWIDB is set, and -lns is used, it is effectively ignored, because inst(1m) does not support setting the owner on symlinks. -g group Set the group of created files to group, which is interpreted first as a group name, then as a numeric group ID if it fails to match known group names. If the superuser invokes install, the default group is sys. Otherwise the default group is the effective group ID of the invoker. This option is ignored if given with -ln. If $RAWIDB is set, and -lns is used, it is effectively ignored, because inst(1m) does not support setting the group on symlinks. -idb attribute Add an IDB attribute to the records for files which install would have created in its normal mode. This option may occur several times among the option arguments. -new By default, install creates a regular file with the same modification time (mtime) as its source. This option disables mtime preservation, resulting in each regular file being installed with its mtime set by install's final write to it. -o If a target exists, save it in the target directory with a hard link named OLDfile . -O If the target exists, try to remove it. If it cannot be unlinked, save it in the same manner as -o. -rawidb idbpath Change install's mode from file creation to IDB generation, so that it appends records to the file named by idbpath. This option overrides the RAWIDB environment variable. -root rootpath Set the string prepended to all absolute pathnames created by install to rootpath. This option overrides the ROOT environment variable. -s Be silent. Older versions of install printed verbose information by default when installing. Install is now silent by default, but this option remains for compatibility. -t Symbolically link targets to sources when installing regular files. -v Be verbose. This option causes install to print a line telling source and target pathnames for each file installed. Only one of the following options may be specified for a given invocation of install, to install non-regular files: -blk maj,min[,off] Create a block device node with major device number maj and minor number min. If min has the form lowmin-highmin, install creates block device nodes for minor numbers lowmin through highmin, inclusive, forming each node's name by concatenating file and the minor device number. If the optional offset is given, it is added to the minor number (the offset may be negative). This is primarily useful with the range form in scripts, such as /dev/MAKEDEV. If the device exists, with the correct type (block), and correct major and minor number, it is left as is, and the ownership and permissions are left unchanged. This also is useful in scripts where you want to make sure that the device exists, but want to preserve any local changes in owner and permissions. The -O and -o options are not supported with this option. -chr maj,min[,off] Like -blk, but creates character device nodes. -c BSD old compatibility mode (ignored) -dir (or -d for BSD/GNU compatibility) Create directories named by concatenating $ROOT to the file arguments. When -dir is given, all the file arguments are taken as directories; files and directories may not both be installed with the same command. -fifo Create named pipes named by the file arguments. -ln path Create hard links named by the file arguments to the node named by path. If path is a file, it will be linked to file. If you want the link to be from a file in the directory of the -f and -F options you must preceed it by the same directory string as for those options. -lns path Create symbolic links named by the file arguments which point to path. If path is a relative pathname, the symbolic link will also be relative to the directory of the -f and -F options. This option may be used only when installing regular files: -src path Use path as the source file's pathname when installing a regular file. This option is useful for renaming a source file in the target directory. One of the following two options must be used unless installing directories with -dir: -f dir Install files in the target directory ${ROOT}dir. -F dir Like -f, but creates any directories in the target pathname which do not exist. EXAMPLES To install several programs, issue: install -f /etc mount umount To install a file which has a different name in the target tree, and which might be executing during installation, use: install -F /etc -src Install -O install This invocation creates disk device nodes, along with necessary directories: install -F /dev/dsk -m 600 -u root -g sys -blk 4,0-15 ips0d0s BSD/GNU compatibility example: install -m 775 -s file1 file2 file3 /usr/gnu/bin SEE ALSO make(1). BSD/GNU COMPATIBILITY NOTES o GNU long options (e.g. --help) aren't supported. o If strip is not installed, -s will give a warning (of course). Page 4