more(1) more(1) NAME more, page - browse or page through a text file SYNOPSIS more [-ceisudfrN] [-n lines] [-p posn] [-t tag] [-x tabs] [+/pattern] [-lines] [+linenumber] [file ...] page [-ceisudfrN] [-n lines] [-p posn] [-t tag] [-x tabs] [+/pattern] [-lines] [+linenumber] [file ...] DESCRIPTION more is a filter that displays the contents of a file on the terminal, one screenful at a time. After each screenful more prints a prompt and pauses awaiting user commands. The prompt usually contains the name of the file and an indication (percentage) of the current location within the file. more scrolls up to display one more line in response to a RETURN character; it displays another screenful in response to a SPACE character. Other commands are listed below. When used to move to a specific line (by line number or pattern search) the target line is displayed as the third line from the top of the display. If it lies within the last screen then that final screen is displayed. page functions identically to more. If the standard output is not a terminal, more acts just like cat(1V). OPTIONS The more has the following options: -c Clear before displaying. Redrawing the screen instead of scrolling for faster displays. This option is ignored if the terminal does not have the ability to clear to the end of a line. -d Display error messages rather than ringing the terminal bell if an unrecognized command is used. This is helpful for inexperienced users. -e Exit immediately at the end of input. By default more waits at the end of the last screen. -i Ignore case when performing pattern searches. -f Do not fold long lines. This is useful when lines contain nonprinting characters or escape sequences, such as those generated when nroff(1) output is piped through ul(1). -n lines Use a screen of the indicated size rather than the default. The lines displayed will be one less than this number. -p posn The posn string is a positioning command which is executed at the start of each input file. Examples are line numbers and pattern searches. -r Normally, more ignores control characters that it does not interpret in some way. The -r option causes these to be displayed as ^C where C stands for any such control character. -s Squeeze. Replace multiple blank lines with a single blank line. This is helpful when viewing nroff(1) output. -t tag Start output with the screen containing the specified tag. -u Suppress generation of underlining escape sequences. Normally, more handles underlining, such as that produced by nroff(1), in a manner appropriate to the terminal. If the terminal can perform underlining or has a stand-out mode, more supplies appropriate escape sequences. -x tabs Change the tabstop from 8 to tabs. -N By default line numbers are remembered by more, this option disables the line number facility which can slow down access to very large files. +/pattern Start output two lines above the line containing the regular expression pattern. This pattern does not end with a `/'; a trailing slash is interpreted as a character in the search pattern. -lines Display the indicated number of lines in each screenful (see -n lines). +linenumber Start output at linenumber. USAGE Environment more uses the terminal's termcap(5) entry to determine its display characteristics. Environment variables modify this behaviour which may be further altered by command line options. EDITOR Specify the editor command to invoke (see v command), the default is vi(1). COLUMNS Specify screen width. LINES Specify screen length (depth). MORE Specify preset command line options. For instance, to page through files using the -c mode by default, set the value of this variable to -c. When more is invoked any command line options are processed after those of the MORE environment variable. Commands Single character commands take effect immediately; more does not expect a carriage return character. Multi-character commands are echoed on the prompt line as they are typed. In the following commands, i is an optional numerical argument. h Show command help information. if i^F iSPACE iz Display next screenful, or i lines. id i^D Display next half-screen, or i lines. If i is specified it becomes the new half-screen scroll value. ij iRETURN Display next line, or i lines. ib i^B Display previous screenful, or i lines. iu i^U Display previous half-screen, or i lines. If i is specified it becomes the new half-screen scroll value. ij Display previous line, or i lines. is Skip 1 line forward, or i lines. ig Skip to the beginning of the file, or ith line. iG Skip to the end of the file, or ith line. i% ip Skip to beginning of the file, or i per cent into the file. This command does not work when reading from a pipeline. r ^L Refresh the screen. R Refresh the screen and flush buffered input if reading from a pipeline. mletter Attach a mark, named as letter (lower case letter), to the current line in the file. 'letter Return to the mark named by letter. '' Return to the place in the file at which the last positioning command was issued. = ^G :f Display details of the current location in the file. i/pattern Search forward for the next (or ith) occurrence of the regular expression pattern. Display the screenful starting two lines before the line that contains the match for the regular expression pattern. The previous search pattern is used if the current command omits it. If pattern is prefixed with a ! (exclamation mark) then the search is negated, that is, it locates lines which do not match pattern. i?pattern As for i/pattern but the search starts toward the start of the file (backwards). in Repeat the last search command. iN Repeat the last search but reverse the direction. :efilename Efilename Display new file. If filename is omitted more returns to the original file. A filename of # is requested more returns to the previously displayed file. i:n Display the next (or ith next) filename given on the command line. i:p iP Display the previous (or ith previous) filename given on the command line. :a List the filenames given on the command line. i:ttag Display the file and line named by tag. v Start the editor indicated by the EDITOR environment variable with current file. If the editor is ex(1) or vi(1) editing will start at the current line. The default editor is vi(1). Exiting the editor resumes more. !command Invoke a shell to execute command. The characters % and !, when used within command are replaced with the current filename and the previous shell command, respectively. If there is no current filename, % is not expanded. Prepend a backslash to these characters to escape expansion. . Repeat the previous command. q Q :q :Q ZZ Exit from more. FILES /usr/share/lib/termcap terminal data base /usr/lib/more.help help file SEE ALSO cat(1), ctags(1), man(1), sh(1), vi(1), environ(5V), termcap(5) NOTES A few old IRIX features do not exist in the current XPG4 version. The -l and -w options have been dropped (incompatible with XPG4). The v edit command defaults to vi(1) and not ed(1). The z command does not change the size of the screen if given a count. The single-quote command clashes with XPG4 commands which replace it. If stderr is not readable more will exit with an error message; it will not try to use /dev/tty instead. Headers are no longer printed when stdout is not a tty. There is no overlap between forward or backward paging. The CTRL-\ sequence does not interrupt processing. Page 5